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Lesson Bacteria: What and How? - Study

Instruction

Read the information below carefully several times and try to remember the key points.

Click on a chapter to view the information.

Tip: read the information out loud (but in such a way that you do not disturb others).

1. Very Small

Bacteria are very, very small organisms (living things) measuring 0.00001 cm (1 ten-thousandth of a centimeter). They consist of only one cell and you can only see them with a microscope.


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2. Diseases

Bacteria can cause all kinds of diseases. Also contagious diseases such as tuberculosis, diphtheria, the plague and cholera.


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3. Protect

You can protect yourself against bacteria by washing thoroughly (especially your hands) with soap and disinfectant gel, sunlight, vaccinations and medicines that kill the bacteria (disinfect).

Fortunately, most bacteria are good bacteria. We even need them to stay healthy.


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4. Multiplication

Bacteria multiply very quickly. For example, by hot air on stagnant water.

From a single bacterium, 70 million new bacteria can develop within one day.


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5. 30 second rule

If you wash your hands gently and thoroughly for 30 seconds with soap and warm water, you can get rid of many disease-causing bacteria from your hands.

Until recently it was the 20 second rule. But 20 seconds turns out to be insufficiently effective in practice.

Sing a song in your head that lasts 30 seconds. That helps to do it long enough.


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Key points

Key points to remember are:

  • Bacteria are invisibly small
  • Bacteria are organisms
  • Bacteria can make you sick
  • Bacteria grow very quickly
  • Bacteria don't like soap

Next step

Once you have gone through the above information a few times, start doing the exercises that go with it.

Practice

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Primary School Wisdoms

These are the fundamental life lessons and pieces of advice that often get instilled in us during those formative years. They might seem simple, but they lay the groundwork for how we navigate the world.

Here are 7 key wisdoms often learned (or at least introduced) in primary school:

1 - Be yourself.This fosters self-acceptance, individuality, and the understanding that everyone is unique and valuable in their own way. It discourages trying to fit in at the expense of one's own identity.

2 - It's important to ask for help when you need it.This encourages seeking support, recognizing limitations, and understanding that it's a sign of strength, not weakness.

3 - Everyone makes mistakes; it's okay to try again. This fosters resilience, encourages learning from errors, and reduces the fear of failure. It highlights the importance of perseverance.

4 - Listen carefully when others are speaking.This develops active listening skills, shows respect, and aids in understanding. It's crucial for effective communication.

5 - Be kind to everyone. This extends beyond just treating others well; it emphasizes inclusivity, compassion, and understanding towards all individuals, regardless of their differences.

6 - Treat others how you want to be treated.This is the golden rule, emphasizing empathy, kindness, and respect in all interactions. It's about understanding that our actions have an impact on others.

7 - Try your best.This emphasizes the importance of effort and personal growth, regardless of the outcome. It encourages a positive attitude towards challenges.

These wisdoms are often conveyed through stories, classroom rules, teacher guidance, and interactions with peers. They form a moral and social compass that helps children navigate their early years and beyond. While we might refine or expand on these ideas as we grow, their core messages often stick with us throughout life.

Fun Animal Facts

Here are 7 fun animal facts perfect for primary school children:

1 - Koalas sleep for about 18-22 hours a day: They spend most of their time resting after eating eucalyptus leaves.

2 - Butterflies taste with their feet: They have taste sensors on their legs to find out if a leaf is good to eat.

3 - A group of crows is called a murder: Isn't that a spooky name?

4 - starfish doesn't have blood or a brain: They have a nervous system but no central brain, and they use seawater instead of blood.

5 - Polar bear fur isn't white: Each hair is actually clear and hollow, reflecting light to make them appear white. Their skin underneath is black to absorb the sun's warmth.

6 - A giraffe has the same number of bones in its neck as a human: That's right, both have seven neck bones, but a giraffe's are much, much longer!

7 - Bees have five eyes: They have two big compound eyes on the sides of their heads and three smaller ocelli on top.

These are just a few of the many amazing facts about animals! The animal kingdom is full of surprises.

Country Facts

Let's explore some fun facts about 7 different countries that you might find interesting!

1 - United States: It has many different landscapes, from sunny beaches in California to snowy mountains in Colorado, and it's the birthplace of Hollywood movies.

2 - Madagascar: This island country is home to lemurs, funny-looking primates that are found nowhere else in the world.

3 - Mexico: They celebrate the Day of the Dead with colorful decorations and sugar skulls to remember their loved ones.

4 - United Kingdom: It's home to the Queen and famous landmarks like Big Ben and the Tower of London.

5 - Canada: It has more lakes than any other country, and it's where maple syrup, a yummy topping for pancakes, comes from!

6 - Japan: They invented origami, the art of folding paper into cool shapes, and they have super-fast bullet trains.

7 - Turkey: It's the only country that sits on two continents (Europe and Asia) and is famous for its hot air balloon rides over Cappadocia.

We hope these snippets give you a fun glimpse into different countries around the world! Each one has its own unique and fascinating things to discover.